Selasa, 18 Maret 2014

Reporting Speech and Reported Speech

Direct dan Indirect Speech merupakan materi grammar bahasa Inggris yang banyak diajarkan.

Ketika kita merubah kalimat langsung (direct speech/reporting speech)menjadi kalimat tidak langsung(indirect speech/reported speech), ada beberapa hal yang mengalami perubahan diantaranya perubahan struktur kalimat, tensis, pronoun (kata ganti orang), keterangan waktu dan tempat (Adverbs of time and place).

Sebelum melangkah jauh ke pembahasan di atas, alangkah baiknya ada juga mengerti tentang apa yang dimaksud Reporting Speech dan Reported Speech.

Reporting Speech adalah bagian dalam kalimat direct speech (reporting speech) yang di tandai oleh tanda petik (") dan di akhiri oleh tanda petik (").

for example :
He said, "I have a present for you in my bag."
He asked me, "why do you come late."
He asked, “Do I have a present for you in my bag?”
He asked me, “ Why do I have to have a present for you in my bag"
He ordered me, “Don’t bring your bag here!”


Sedangkan Reported Speech adalah bagian awal dari kalimat direct speech.

for example :

She told me not to touch her computer.
He asked me if I had a little time.
He said that he had a present for me in his bag there.
He ordered me not to bring my bag there.
He asked me why he had to have a present for me in his bag.


Cara Mengubah Direct Menjadi Reported Speech

Pada dasarnya, direct speech diubah menjadi reported speech dengan menghilangkan tanda baca kutip, menghilangkan huruf kapital didalam kalimat, menambahkan that (optional), mengubah pronoun (menjadi orang ketiga), memodifikasi verb, mengoreksi time reference (waktu yang disebutkan dalam pembicaraan) dan/atau menambahkan whether atau if (conditional). Berikut adalah beberapa penjelasannya .


Menambahkan whether atau if

Whether atau if ditambahkan untuk menyampaikan kalimat yes-no question yang telah didengar sebelumnya. Yes-no question merupakan bentuk pertanyaan yang membutuhkan jawaban yes atau no.


example :

in direct speech = 1. “Do you have a little time?”
2. “Have you heard the news?”

in indirect speech = 1. He asked me if I had a little time.
2. She wanted to know whether I had heard the news.


Contoh soal + jawaban Reported Speech :

Note : jawaban diberi tanda huruf tebal

Pilihkanlah reported speech yang tepat untuk menggantikan direct speech di bawah ini !!!


1. The woman says to him: “you play the piano well.” The girl says to him that ………….

A. you play the piano well.
B. he play the piano well
C. he plays the piano well


2. “Did he leave a message for me?” “yes, he said………. tonight”.

A. he called you
B. you called her
C. he would call you


3. “You mustn’t forget what I told you.” She told me ………..

A. that I hadn’t to forget what she had told me
B. that I didn’t have to forget what I had told her.
C. that I mustn’t have forgotten what I told you.


4. Tony said to me: “Why does she sing so loudly?”

A. Tony asked me why did she sing so loudly.
B. Tony asked why does she sing so loudly
C. Tony asked me why she sang so loudly


5. “How many pieces of bread can you eat?” She said

A. She wanted to know how many pieces of bread you cculd eat
B. She asked how many pieces of bread I could eat
C. She asked how could I eat a lot of bread


6. “Where did you go four days ago?” John asked. Tony asked …….

A. where did I go four days ago
B. where I did go four days ago
C. Where I had gone four days before


7. “Did you have an assignment last month? Father asked me Father asked me ……

A. did I have an assignment last month
B. I did have an assignment last month
C. if I had had an assignment the month before


8. “Were you at the party last night?” Tony said.

A. Tony said that I was at the party the night be tofore
B. Tony wanted to know if I had been at the party the night before
C. Tony asked me if I was at the party


9. Rudy said to me, “Can I help you find a hotel?”

A. Rudy asked me if I could help her find a hotel
B. I wondered if my friend could help me find a hotel
C. Rudy said that I could help me find a hotel


10.“Did they eat out together yesterday?”.....

A. He asked me if they had eaten out together yesterday.
B. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
C. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.


11.“Don’t turn off the light now.”

A. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
B. He told me didn't turn off the light at that time.
C. He told me don't turn off the light at that time.


12. “What’s your passion?”

A. She wanted to know what was my passion.
B. She wanted to know what my passion was.
C. She wanted to know what is my passion.


13. “I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.”

A. He said that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.
B. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.
C. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.


14. “Your friend has just left.”

A. He told me that my friend had just left.
B. He told me that your friend had just left.
C. He told me that my friend has just left.


15. “Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?”

A. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
B. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
C. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.


16. “Why are you staring at my feet?”

A. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.
B. He asked her why was she staring at his feet.
C. He asked her why she is staring at his feet.


17. “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”

A. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
B. He said that the sun rose in the east and set in the west.
C. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.


18. “I’m going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.”

A. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.
B. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time tomorrow.
C. She said she was going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.


19. “We have been here for a week.”

A. They said they had been here for a week.
B. They said we had been there for a week.
C. They said they had been there for a week.


20. “Where did you go four days ago?” John asked. Tony asked …….

A. where did I go four days ago
B. where I did go four days ago
C. Where I had gone four days before



Sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-dan-contoh-indirect-reported-speech
http://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-soal-reported-indirect-speech-dan-jawabannya

Jumat, 29 November 2013

Tips Memilih Gadget Android

Hayo-hayo lagi bingung mau cari gadget apa... pasti itu adalah salah satu masalah yang sering melanda para calon konsumen. Ada beberapa hal yang mempengaruhi kebingungan tersebut, salah satunya adalah banyaknya merk gadget dengan kualitas yang hampir sama beredar di pasaran saat ini. Dari segi tren pun terlihat cukup banyak produsen elektronik yang menghadirkan fitur canggih pada setiap produk andalan masing-masing.Untuk memilih sesuatu kita harus tahu apa yang kita butuhkan, jangan asal-asal saja dalam memilih karena jika kita sudah menentukan pilihan dan pilihan itu tidak cocok pada saat sudah dibeli, tentu kita sangat menyesal. Maka dari itu saya simpulkan bahwa memilih juga ada ilmunya. Ilmu apa? Yang pasti bukan Matematika ataupun Fisika, hanya sedikit tips yang ringan saja. Bagi anda para pencinta gadget yang ingin memiliki Tablet atau Ponsel Android sebaiknya mengikuti tips penting ini sebelum membelinya.

Dan kenapa harus android, saya memiliki beberapa alasannya, karena saya pun pengguna tablet android hhe. Android menyajikan Aplikasi dan Game yang bermacam-macam dan jumlahnya sampai jutaan. Kita bisa menemukan semuanya di Google Play Store. Sudah jelas kalau kita bisa bermain Game HD sepuas kita mau. Android merupakan smartphone yang paling populer saat ini. Bisa dikatakan Android adalah sistem operasi yang paling banyak digunakan karena banyak orang yang sudah beralih ke Android. Saya sudah mengamati orang yang dekat dengan saya, mereka banyak yang sudah beralih ke Android. Penggunanya menjamur dan terus bertambah setiap harinya. Banyak perusahaan yang memanfaatkan kepopuleran Android dengan memproduksi Tablet dan Ponsel berbasis Android sehingga Banyak pilihan merk, harga, fitur dan ini juga mendukung luasnya pasar Android. Dengan itu semua anda pasti bingung menentuka pilihan yang tepat untuk Anda sendiri.

Saya kira penjelasannya jangan terlalu banyak deh ya nanti malah yang baca makin pusing lagi haha. Untuk lebih yakin memilih gadget android kalian bisa googling dulu deh buat cari tahu kelebihan android yang lainnya tapi hal yang paling penting dalam memilih Android menurut saya adalah harganya yang terjangkau dan pas buat mahasiswa kayak saya hha.

Ini tips yang bisa jadi pertimbangan anda :

1. Merk
Tentukan terlebih dahulu produk apa yang Anda inginkan. Dalam hal ini, rasa ingin memiliki haruslah dituangkan secara mendalam. Selain itu juga tren mungkin bisa dipergunakan sebagai pertimbangan. Kualitas pun harus diperhatikan betul, sebab faktor tersebut menjadi hal penting dalam pembelian gadget baru dan sebagai kebutuhan utama.

2. Fitur Dasar
Anda harus mengetahui dan memahami fitur dasar dari Gadget yang akan dibeli. Fitur-fitur dasar seperti kamera, bluetooth (sekarang sudah mendukung versi 3 bahkan versi 4), WiFi, Gps, koneksi (3G/HSDPA), jenis layar sentuh (kebanyakan Android sekarang menggunakan layar sentuh). Kira-kira itulah fitur dasar Android yang harus anda kenali. Cek fitur-fitur tersebut apakah ada. Namun kebanyakan Android sudah menyertakan semua fitur-fitur seperti diatas hanya versinya saja yang berbeda. . Pertimbangkanlah semua itu, semakin lengkap fiturnya atau semakin tinggi versinya akan semakin mahal harganya.

3. Versi Android
Ada banyak versi Android mulai yang paling bawah yaitu versi 1.0 namanya Apple Pie (mungkin sudah tidak ada versi seperti itu sekarang) sampai versi 4.2 namanya Jelly Bean dan yang paling baru kabarnya Google akan meliris Android versi 5.0 namanya Key Lime Pie. Semakin tinggi versinya akan semakin banyak fitur-fitur menarik yang ditawarkan, penyempurnaan dari versi sebelumnya, memiliki tampilan yang menarik dan yang pasti harganya akan semakin mahal.

4. Spesifikasi
Jika anda penggemar game, apalagi ingin memainkan game-game HD di gadget anda, maka spesifikasi dari gadget yang akan anda beli menjadi sesuatu yang sangat penting sekali. Gadget anda harus mempunyai kapasitas RAM yang cukup besar ( saya sarankan 1 GB ) dan memiliki GPU / tampilan display yang bagus ( contohnya seperti nvidia tegra atau powerSX ), yang terakhir jangan lupakan tentang processor. Cari processor yang memiliki kecepatan minimal dual core ( tapi saya sarankan untuk mencari yang quad qore ).

4. Harga
Sebenarnya harga adalah yang paling utama menurut saya. Karena itu hanya menurut saya atau sebagian orang saja maka harga saya tempatkan di urutan terakhir. Banyak harga yang ditawarkan untuk bisa memiliki Android, mulai dari yang murah sampai yang mahal. Tetapi yang harus diingat, mahal bukan berarti pasti bermerk terkenal. Banyak merk biasa yang harganya mahal karena fitur yang ditawarkan begitu mewah dan juga tidak selamanya yang memiliki merk terkenal harganya mahal. Itu tergantung fitur yang ditawarkan.

Sumber :

http://is-android.blogspot.com/2013/07/tips-penting-sebelum-memilih-dan.html
http://www.gaptekbgt.com/tips-memilih-gadget-sesuai-kebutuhan.html

How to Make Order Letter n Complaint Letter

- Make Order Letter.

An order letter is the same as a purchase order. In an order letter, you will give the place where you are purchasing an item detailed instructions for fulling your order. It is also considered a legal record of that transaction. An order letter is a business letter which confirms the details of a purchase of services or goods from one party to another. Also, such terms as a letter of order or a PO (purchase order) can be used. The purpose of an order letter is to give the necessary instructions to the seller to fulfill an order successfully. The paper track of a particular transaction starts with it. Since an order letter serves as a legal proof of an agreement, it should be written carefully. A customer should provide detailed information about their order, such as the model number, quantity, size, color, the payment terms, etc. When another party receives the letter, they will start processing the order and, if all necessary details are mentioned, dispatch the merchandise as soon as possible.


This is the step to make the Order Letter :

- Write a separate paragraph for each item, using double spacing between paragraphs.

- Clearly indicate the item number or the product code, the quantity, color and size being ordered.

- Specify the mode of payment.

- An order letter should also contain information about the cost of the price, such as taxes, so that there is no misunderstanding when making a payment.

- If you have already paid any advance against the order, you should mention it in the letter.

- Specify the relevant details related to the terms and conditions agreed upon by you and the other party involved.

- Indicate the preferable mode of shipping.

- Point out a deadline delivery date.


and last i give you example of Order Letter :

Fashion Inc

JL. Dr. Laimena

Maluku , Indonesia

May 27,2013

Mozza Butique

Gotta, 2rd Floor

Tual, Maluku Tenggara


Dear Sir or Madam,

As per our discussions on March 28, 2013 we are pleased to place an order for 3 lussin of t-shirt on the following terms and conditions:
The cost of each t-shirt will be Rp. 45.000/piece (exclude tax)
Delivery will be done within 3-4 days from the order date
Damage items in transit are not the responsibility of Mozza Butique
If the order is not delivered as per the above terms and conditions, the order stands cancelled and money can back 100%

We shall appreciate your shipping that albums immediately to our office in JL. Dr Laimena

Maluku, Indonesia. Payment we will made with transfer banking to your account on May 31 2013.


Hoping to have a good relationship with you.

Best regards,


(Ina Mona)


The reason I make it ==> I think, order the t-shirt will be easy and have big profit for a bussines again because now is modern world that always to follow a style of fashion


Please enjoy it.

- Make Complaint Letter

Writing a letter of complaint is something most people have to do at some point in their lives. Whether you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, it is usually possible to resolve the issue in a mutually beneficial way, through a firm but polite letter of complaint. Writing a complaint letter should not be complicated or scary - all you need to do is clearly state the facts and politely request a resolution.


How to Write a Complaint Letter

- Include your name, address, and home and work phone numbers.

- Type your letter if possible. If it is handwritten, make sure it is neat and easy to read.

- Make your letter brief and to the point. Include all important facts about your purchase, including the date and place where you made the purchase and any information you can give about the product or service such as serial or model numbers or specific type of service.

- State exactly what you want done about the problem and how long you are willing to wait to get it resolved. Be reasonable. Include all documents regarding your problem. Be sure to send COPIES, not originals.

- Avoid writing an angry, sarcastic, or threatening letter. The person reading your letter probably was not responsible for your problem but may be very helpful in resolving it.

- Keep a copy of the letter for your records.


Sample Complaint Letter

Name of Contact Person, if available
Title, if available
Company Name
Consumer Complaint Division, if you have no contact person
Street Address
City, State, Zip Code
Dear (Contact Person):
Re: (account number, if applicable)
On (date), I (bought, leased, rented, or had repaired) a (name of the product, with serial or model number or service performed) at (location and other important details of the transaction).
Unfortunately, your product (or service) has not performed well (or the service was inadequate) because (state the problem). I am disappointed because (explain the problem: for example, the product does not work properly, the service was not performed correctly, I was billed the wrong amount, something was not disclosed clearly or was misrepresented, etc.). To resolve the problem, I would appreciate it if you could (state the specific action you want—money back, charge card credit, repair, exchange, etc.). Enclosed are copies of my records (include copies of receipts, guarantees, warranties, canceled checks, contracts, model and serial numbers, and any other documents).
I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem, and will wait until (set a time limit) before seeking help from a consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau. Please contact me at the above address or by phone at (home and/or office numbers with area code).
Sincerely,
Your name
Enclosure(s) cc: (reference to whom you are sending a copy of this letter, if anyone)


Sumber :
http://bestletterhelp.com/business-letters/how-to-write-order-letter.html
http://www.howtomakealetter.com/how-to-write-an-order-letter/
http://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Complaint-Letter-to-a-Company
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0002121.html
http://inamona92.blogspot.com/2013/04/example-for-order-letter.html

MAKE A MEMO

A short message is usually called memo or memorandum. Memo used in authorized situations. Memo is an official letter that is brief and used internally within an agency or institution. Memo can be a warning, command, and questions. Text message is also commonly used in the family, to a situation that is not authorized. Un official short message also has functions same like memo, which is a short message from superiors to subordinates within the agency or institution. In the family, this message is used by a father to son or from brother to sister.


HOW TO MAKE A MEMO ?

Memos should have the following sections and content:

- A 'To' section containing the name of the receiver. For informal memos, the receiver's given name; e.g. 'To: Andy' is enough. For more formal memos, use the receiver's full name. If the receiver is in another department, use the full name and the department name. It is usually not necessary to use Mr., Mrs., Miss or Ms unless the memo is very formal.

- A 'From' section containing the name of the sender. For informal memos, the sender's other name; e.g. 'From: Bill' is enough. For more formal memos, use the sender's full name. If the receiver is in another department, use the full name and the department name. It is usually not necessary to use Mr., Mrs., Miss or Ms unless the memo is very formal.

- A 'Date' section. To avoid confusion between the British and American date systems, write the month as a word or an abbreviation; e.g. 'January' or 'Jan'.

- A Subject Heading.

- The message.

Unless the memo is a brief note, a well-organised memo message should contain the following sections: Situation - an Introduction or the purpose of the memo
Problem (optional) - for example: "Since the move to the new office in Kowloon Bay, staff have difficulty in finding a nearby place to buy lunch."
Solution (optional) - for example: "Providing a microwave oven in the pantry would enable staff to bring in their own lunchboxes and reheat their food."
Action - this may be the same as the solution, or be the part of the solution that the receiver needs to carry out; e.g. "we would appreciate it if you could authorise up to $3,000"
Politeness - to avoid the receiver refusing to take the action you want, it is important to end with a polite expression; e.g. "Once again, thank you for your support.", or more informally "Thanks".

- Signature

This is optional


it is an example of simple memo, now i will tell you about part of Memo :


Part of Memo :

1. To ......
2. From ....
3. Date ....
4. Subject .....
5. Body.
6. Closing.

Example Memo :

- Anda berperan sebagai seorang dosen yang akan memberikan kuliah tambahan. Kendati demikian, semua siswa belum mengetahui hal ini dan anda meminta seseorang untuk menyampaikan sebuah memo kepada ketua di kelas yang akan mendapatkan kuliah tambahan.

(1) To : Randika Satria
(2) From : Prof. Dr. Muhammad Insan, M.Pd.
(3) Date : June 21st, 2013
(4) Subject : Additional Class of Psycholinguistics

(5) In Saturday morning exactly at 7.30 A.M., we will hold an additional class for a psycholinguistics because your material in preparing for the final examination is not fulfilled enough. Tell all of your friend. (6) Then enjoy my class.


- other example memo :





Sumber :

http://www2.elc.polyu.edu.hk/cill/eiw/memos.htm
http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2013/05/4-Contoh-Memo-dalam-Bahasa-Inggris-Terbaru.html#.Upidffg058M
http://www.bimbingan.org/pesan-singkat-atau-memo.htm
http://semuatentangcaracara.blogspot.com/2012/09/cara-menulis-memo-atau-pesan-singkat.html

Minggu, 17 November 2013

Tips n Trik about Interview




Worry about interview when u want to get a job??? hhaha dont think like that. Now i wanna share you about tips n trik about interview. But first lets talk about the company. U have to know visi n missi that company to give first impression during an interview.Then next we talk about ur self... this is something u have to do.


WELL DRESS

Regarding clothing should be worn. Both of men and women should wear clothes that are neat and in accordance with the company's image. Even though the company was moving in the world of communication. For women wear dress shirts, do not wear jeans.At bottoms could skirt or pants or perhaps stockings. Wear makeup do not over and avoid wearing flat shoe. Use high heels too make ur perfomance look cool :D.

BEEING ON TIME

When the interview is important for applicants to come early.Coz with come early, the applicants have sufficient time to prepare for the interview.

CONFIDENCE

I think this is the most important thing u have to prepare that is confidence.Stay calm n relax, try do something to make ur feels good like singing with the small voice before the interview or listening the music.

LAST IMPRESSION

When u have the time to give the question dont nervous n quite. Try give question about the company or ur job. Like the description about ur job later.



SUMBER : http://kampus.okezone.com/read/2012/11/03/370/713156/5-trik-sukses-interview