Direct dan Indirect Speech merupakan materi grammar bahasa Inggris yang banyak diajarkan.
Ketika kita merubah kalimat langsung (direct speech/reporting speech)menjadi kalimat tidak langsung(indirect speech/reported speech), ada beberapa hal yang mengalami perubahan diantaranya perubahan struktur kalimat, tensis, pronoun (kata ganti orang), keterangan waktu dan tempat (Adverbs of time and place).
Sebelum melangkah jauh ke pembahasan di atas, alangkah baiknya ada juga mengerti tentang apa yang dimaksud Reporting Speech dan Reported Speech.
Reporting Speech adalah bagian dalam kalimat direct speech (reporting speech) yang di tandai oleh tanda petik (") dan di akhiri oleh tanda petik (").
for example :
He said, "I have a present for you in my bag."
He asked me, "why do you come late."
He asked, “Do I have a present for you in my bag?”
He asked me, “ Why do I have to have a present for you in my bag"
He ordered me, “Don’t bring your bag here!”
Sedangkan Reported Speech adalah bagian awal dari kalimat direct speech.
for example :
She told me not to touch her computer.
He asked me if I had a little time.
He said that he had a present for me in his bag there.
He ordered me not to bring my bag there.
He asked me why he had to have a present for me in his bag.
Cara Mengubah Direct Menjadi Reported Speech
Pada dasarnya, direct speech diubah menjadi reported speech dengan menghilangkan tanda baca kutip, menghilangkan huruf kapital didalam kalimat, menambahkan that (optional), mengubah pronoun (menjadi orang ketiga), memodifikasi verb, mengoreksi time reference (waktu yang disebutkan dalam pembicaraan) dan/atau menambahkan whether atau if (conditional). Berikut adalah beberapa penjelasannya .
Menambahkan whether atau if
Whether atau if ditambahkan untuk menyampaikan kalimat yes-no question yang telah didengar sebelumnya. Yes-no question merupakan bentuk pertanyaan yang membutuhkan jawaban yes atau no.
example :
in direct speech = 1. “Do you have a little time?”
2. “Have you heard the news?”
in indirect speech = 1. He asked me if I had a little time.
2. She wanted to know whether I had heard the news.
Contoh soal + jawaban Reported Speech :
Note : jawaban diberi tanda huruf tebal
Pilihkanlah reported speech yang tepat untuk menggantikan direct speech di bawah ini !!!
1. The woman says to him: “you play the piano well.”
The girl says to him that ………….
A. you play the piano well.
B. he play the piano well
C. he plays the piano well
2. “Did he leave a message for me?”
“yes, he said………. tonight”.
A. he called you
B. you called her
C. he would call you
3. “You mustn’t forget what I told you.”
She told me ………..
A. that I hadn’t to forget what she had told me
B. that I didn’t have to forget what I had told her.
C. that I mustn’t have forgotten what I told you.
4. Tony said to me: “Why does she sing so loudly?”
A. Tony asked me why did she sing so loudly.
B. Tony asked why does she sing so loudly
C. Tony asked me why she sang so loudly
5. “How many pieces of bread can you eat?” She said
A. She wanted to know how many pieces of bread you cculd eat
B. She asked how many pieces of bread I could eat
C. She asked how could I eat a lot of bread
6. “Where did you go four days ago?” John asked.
Tony asked …….
A. where did I go four days ago
B. where I did go four days ago
C. Where I had gone four days before
7. “Did you have an assignment last month? Father asked me
Father asked me ……
A. did I have an assignment last month
B. I did have an assignment last month
C. if I had had an assignment the month before
8. “Were you at the party last night?” Tony said.
A. Tony said that I was at the party the night be tofore
B. Tony wanted to know if I had been at the party the night before
C. Tony asked me if I was at the party
9. Rudy said to me, “Can I help you find a hotel?”
A. Rudy asked me if I could help her find a hotel
B. I wondered if my friend could help me find a hotel
C. Rudy said that I could help me find a hotel
10.“Did they eat out together yesterday?”.....
A. He asked me if they had eaten out together yesterday.
B. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
C. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.
11.“Don’t turn off the light now.”
A. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
B. He told me didn't turn off the light at that time.
C. He told me don't turn off the light at that time.
12. “What’s your passion?”
A. She wanted to know what was my passion.
B. She wanted to know what my passion was.
C. She wanted to know what is my passion.
13. “I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.”
A. He said that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.
B. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.
C. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.
14. “Your friend has just left.”
A. He told me that my friend had just left.
B. He told me that your friend had just left.
C. He told me that my friend has just left.
15. “Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?”
A. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
B. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
C. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.
16. “Why are you staring at my feet?”
A. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.
B. He asked her why was she staring at his feet.
C. He asked her why she is staring at his feet.
17. “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
A. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
B. He said that the sun rose in the east and set in the west.
C. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
18. “I’m going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.”
A. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.
B. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time tomorrow.
C. She said she was going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.
19. “We have been here for a week.”
A. They said they had been here for a week.
B. They said we had been there for a week.
C. They said they had been there for a week.
20. “Where did you go four days ago?” John asked.
Tony asked …….
A. where did I go four days ago
B. where I did go four days ago
C. Where I had gone four days before
Sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-dan-contoh-indirect-reported-speech
http://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-soal-reported-indirect-speech-dan-jawabannya
